Ah, gonorrhea. We definitely wouldn’t consider it a good gift, but it's still something you can receive. If only it came with a gift receipt. Known colloquially as "the clap", gonorrhea is one of the most widespread sexually transmitted infections (STIs) out there. But how can you tell if you have it? Let’s break it down with insights from trusted sources like the CDC, Public Health Agency of Canada, and Public Health Ontario.
What Is Gonorrhea?
Gonorrhea is caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. This sneaky pathogen likes to hang out in warm, moist areas of your body, such as the genitals, rectum, throat, and even the eyes (yes, really). In Ontario, the incidence of gonorrhea has more than doubled between 2014 and 2023, largely driven by a steep increase in cases among males.
Symptoms of Gonorrhea: When the Clap Claps Back
The tricky thing about gonorrhea is that it doesn’t always announce itself. According to the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC), up to 50% of people with vaginas and about 10% of people with penises don’t show any symptoms. Silent but contagious—gonorrhea is as undercover as it gets.
For those who do experience symptoms, here’s what to look out for:
In People with Vaginas:
Unusual Vaginal Discharge: If it’s green, yellow, or just looks suspiciously like it’s auditioning for a sci-fi movie, it might be a sign of gonorrhea.
Pain or Burning During Urination: Nobody likes the feeling of a fiery pee session.
Bleeding Between Periods: This can sometimes be mistaken for spotting, but if it’s unexpected, it’s worth investigating.
Pelvic or Abdominal Pain: If your lower abdomen feels like it’s staging a protest, don’t ignore it.
In People with Penises:
Discharge from the Penis: Often described as white, yellow, or green. Let’s just say it’s not the kind of rainbow you want to see.
Burning During Urination: If it feels like your urethra is mad at you, pay attention.
Swelling or Pain in One or Both Testicles: This is less common but can happen.
Rectal Symptoms (All Genders):
Discharge, Itching, or Pain: The rectum can also be affected, particularly after anal sex.
Bleeding or Soreness: If things feel off in this area, it’s worth a check-up.
Throat Symptoms (All Genders):
Gonorrhea can infect the throat after oral sex. Symptoms might include:
A sore throat that doesn’t seem to go away
Swollen lymph nodes
Redness or discomfort
What Happens If Gonorrhea Goes Untreated?
Let’s get serious for a moment. Untreated gonorrhea can lead to some pretty nasty complications. According to Public Health Ontario:
In People with Vaginas: Gonorrhea can cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which can lead to chronic pain, infertility, or ectopic pregnancies.
In People with Penises: It can cause epididymitis (painful swelling in the testicles) and, in rare cases, infertility.
In All Genders: Untreated gonorrhea can spread to the bloodstream, causing disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI), which is potentially life-threatening.
Basically, gonorrhea is not something you want to leave on the back burner.
How Is Gonorrhea Diagnosed?
If you’re experiencing any symptoms—it’s time to get tested. Testing is straightforward and often involves:
A Urine Test: This is the most common method for diagnosing gonorrhea in the genitals.
Swabs: If there’s a chance of infection in the throat, rectum, or other areas, a healthcare provider may take a swab.
The CDC and PHAC recommend regular STI screenings for sexually active individuals, especially those under 25 or with multiple partners. Think of it as a routine check-up for your sexual health—simple, quick, and no reason to stress.
Prevention: The Best Practice
Prevention is key in reducing the spread of STIs. Here are some steps to minimize risk:
Use Protection: Consistent use of condoms and dental dams significantly reduces the risk of STI transmission.
Vaccinate: Vaccines for HPV and hepatitis B offer excellent protection.
Communicate: Open and honest discussions with sexual partners about STI testing and sexual health is healthy for relationships, and helps to create mutual responsibility.
Get Tested: Regular testing ensures early detection and treatment. If you’re sexually active with multiple partners, get tested every three months.
1 small vaccination can go a long way. It’s always worth getting your shots just to have that peace of mind.
The Takeaway
Knowing the symptoms (or lack thereof), getting tested regularly, and using protection can go a long way in keeping you safe. Remember, taking charge of your sexual health isn’t just about avoiding infections—it’s about feeling confident and empowered in your choices.
And if you ever feel uncertain or notice something unusual? Don’t hesitate to see a healthcare provider. They’ve seen it all, and trust me, nothing you say will shock them. So go ahead, take care of yourself, and keep your health—and your sense of humour—intact.
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