Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) affect millions of people globally, but the distribution of infections across age groups is uneven. Let’s break down the statistics, explore which groups are most affected, and understand why.
The Data: What’s the Situation?
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately 26 million new STI cases occur annually in the United States, and about half of these infections are in young people aged 15-24. Public Health Ontario and the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) report similar trends, with higher rates of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis among young adults.
However, STIs aren’t confined to the young. Rates of infections like syphilis and HIV are also climbing among middle-aged and older adults, demonstrating that sexual health is important at every life stage. Interestingly, young people see the highest incidence of STIs but middle-aged and older adults are seeing higher rising rates of STIs. This tells us that sexual behaviors are shifting and there is a newfound need for information.
Why Are STIs So Common Among Young People?
In 2019, the Public Health Agency Canada reported that almost three quarters of reported chlamydia cases were among people less than 30 years of age. Young people often top STI statistics for several reasons:
Higher Risk Behavior: Teenagers and young adults are more likely to have multiple partners and use protection inconsistently. Whether it’s youthful exuberance or lapses in judgment, this group tends to take more risks.
Biology: The cervical lining of individuals under 25 is more sensitive, making it easier for infections like chlamydia and gonorrhea to take hold.
Lack of Education: Gaps in comprehensive sexual health education can leave young people unaware of STI risks or prevention methods.
Access to Healthcare: Barriers such as cost, stigma, and transportation can prevent young adults from seeking regular testing and treatment.
What About Middle-Aged Adults?
STI rates among middle-aged individuals—those in their 40s and 50s—are also on the rise. Several factors contribute to this trend:
Infidelity and Divorce: Changes in marital status, whether due to divorce or extramarital affairs, often lead to new sexual partnerships. Individuals re-entering the dating scene may be unprepared for modern STI prevention practices.
Online Dating: Dating apps and online platforms make meeting new partners easier than ever. While convenient, they can also encourage casual hookups, sometimes without a discussion about protection.
Lack of Testing History: Many middle-aged individuals, particularly those coming out of long-term monogamous relationships, may not have considered STI testing a regular part of their healthcare. Testing might feel unfamiliar or unnecessary, even when it’s crucial.
Stigma Around Sexual Health: Some people in this age group may feel awkward discussing sexual health with their partners or healthcare providers. Breaking the ice can go a long way toward safer practices.
What About Older Adults?
STIs are rising among older adults, particularly those over 60. Here’s why:
Post-Menopausal: After menopause, the absence of pregnancy risks can lead to less frequent condom use. But condoms aren’t just for contraception—they’re essential for STI prevention.
History of Monogamy: Individuals emerging from long-term relationships might not have used condoms for decades. It’s time to dust off those bedside table skills and prioritize protection.
Ageism in Healthcare: Healthcare providers may overlook sexual activity in older patients, leading to missed diagnoses or delayed treatment. Grandpa might not have a UTI—he has chlamydia.
Long-Term Care Facilities: Close living environments in retirement and care homes can lead to increased STI transmission. At-home rapid diagnostics could offer discreet and accessible testing options for these communities.
Prevention: The Best Practice
Preventing STIs is key to maintaining good sexual health. Here’s how:
Use Protection: Consistent use of condoms and dental dams can significantly reduce the risk of STI transmission.
Get Vaccinated: Vaccines for HPV and hepatitis B offer excellent protection.
Talk It Out: Open conversations about testing and STI prevention with partners help foster trust and mutual responsibility.
Get Tested Regularly: Regular testing ensures early detection and treatment. If you’re sexually active with multiple partners, aim for testing every three months.
Final Thoughts
While STIs can affect people of all ages, young adults and older adults are particularly impacted. Regular testing, open communication, and using protection are key to maintaining good sexual health at any age. By staying informed and proactive, you can reduce the risks and promote healthier relationships. Remember: safe sex is smart sex, no matter how old you are.
Ready to take control of your sexual health? With Trusti, you can order an STI testing kit online, test privately at home, and get your results quickly. Stay informed, stay safe, and take charge of your health today!